To install the VM Guest Additions for VirtualBox 4.1.22 on CentOS 6.3, I worked through the instructions found at http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Virtualization/VirtualBox/CentOSguest
As detailed at http://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories/RPMForge we must install RPMforge first, so we can install the DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support) required by the Virtual Box Linux Additions.
The following must be done with root privileges. I logged in as root for this operation.
Install RPMforge
wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
Install DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support)
yum --enablerepo rpmforge install dkms
Ensure the development environment and kernel source are installed
yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
yum install kernel-devel
Install Guest Additions
In VirtualBox, under the Devices menu, select the VBoxGuestAdditions.iso image for the CD/DVD drive. The autorun should execute and you should be able to install it from there. If the autorun does not kick in, go to a terminal prompt and CD to the mountpoint and issue the command:
./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Once I performed those actions, I logged out of root and logged in under my own account. The mouse no longer needed to be captured by the virtual machine. You can resize the Virtual Box window and the CentOS desktop will resize. Much better.
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